阅读理解试题题型分析阅读理解题选材和体裁
摘要: 阅读理解试题题型分析阅读理解题选材和体裁题型分析分析篇章结构，把握全篇文脉是阅读填空题解题的关键，英......
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阅读理解试题题型分析阅读理解题选材和体裁 题型分析 分析篇章结构，把握全篇文脉是阅读填空题解题的关键，英语的语篇（discourse）通常是由句子和语段（sentence group）构成的，语段是句子和语篇之间的中间层次，句子虽然能够单独地表达相对完整的思想，但是它不能表达多方面的、比较复杂的思想，只有把几个句子结合为较大的言语片段，才能表达一个相对独立的层意，所谓的“积句而成章，积章而成篇。”就是这个道理。 分析文章的层次包含两种形式：一种是分析整篇文章的层次，也就是段落，另一种是分析每一个段落内部的层次，也就是语篇层次。 语篇与段落是有区别的，语段是篇章结构的中间层次，是由句子到篇的一种过渡形式，段落（paragraph）是在某些语体（如记叙文、议论文）中比语段更大的意义单位，较小的段落可以只包括一个语段或一个句子，一般来说，一个段落通常由几个语段构成。构成语段的方式有两种，一是靠句际间意义的结合，二是靠句际间的关联词，逻辑性插入语来连接，在分析语段层次时，可以借助句际间的连接词语作出判断，但最主要的还是要真正体会句际间的意义关系，把握作者的思路，从语序上去发现断续点，理清层次，好文章的层次非常清晰，只有层层入手，才能真正理解文章。 新概念英语听力下载 新概念英语听力 新概念英语美音版 选材和体裁 1.短文体裁 一般只考查说明文。 2.短文内容 教人如何学习、如何做事、如何生活等，一般都是符合中学生的特点、贴近中学生日常生活的事件的说明，也有可能是对某件事的叙述或者对某事的不同角度来发表自己的看法。 3.短文长度 4.短文特征 (1)常含有tips, steps, suggestions, ways, methods等词。 (2)文章多半有大标题、小标题、主题句，或有表示列举或顺序的词(如first, second, next, then, finally等)，结构清晰，层次分明，条理清楚，便于理解。 5.设空特点 空格设置有可能在文首、文中、文尾。在文首时，主要是要求考生选段落小标题或段落的主题句，标题一般为名词短语或祈使句。位于段落主题句之后，很可能是说明原因、举例证明、分述细化主题、解释前句中的某个概念等；位于段落中间可能只起衔接作用。位于段末或文末，可能是结论句，也可能是与前段或几段是并列关系，分述主题中的一个具体内容。 6.选项排列 通常是由最短到最长依次排列，但也有可能由最长到最短依次来排列。 Visiting London can be an expensive trip. 1 The following steps can help you find cheap alternatives for transport for your London trip. Familiarize yourself with the city. Do some homework about different parts of London ahead of time and determines specifically the area where you will be staying. How to establish where in the city you will be staying and the distance you are from the major tourist attractions you want to visit? 2 Find a local provider of transport for London tickets or travel cards, since your first bargain purchase will be an Oyster Card. Traveling around London with an Oyster Card will give you access to the cheapest option of transportation methods. The Oyster Card is accepted city wide on buses, boats and the London Underground, known by the locals as "the tube". 3 The tube is the cheapest and most reliable form of transportation and runs from around6 a. m. until around1 a. m. depending on the line or the station. Make the most of the Oyster Card.4 ,with a high concentration in central London. If you are staying anywhere in central London, there will be a tube station less than 10 minutes away. The Transport for London website offers a tube station search facility to find the nearest subway station to any location in the city. When you find a tube station, you can easily locate the closest bus stop by using the comparison bus tube maps at the station's entrance. Follow the Transport for London Tube Guide to your destinations and always plan ahead. 5 , and it will avoid wasted trips on the tube. A. You can use a street map, or an online map search engine. B. By visiting the Transport for London website, people can avoid getting lost. C. So establishing a budget and finding bargains will help you get around London on the cheap. D. The bus is the cheapest means of transport in London. E. Seek out your nearest tube station. F. Making a plan for transport will save your unnecessary expenses. G. There are287 tube stations in London that accept the Oyster Card. 
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